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Hinds |
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Covalanas cave
was known since ancient times as "la cueva de las
herramientas" (Tols Cave) by the area
inhabitants because of the use they gave to it. But, it
was not until September 1903, when Hermilio Alcalde del
Rio, Director of the school of Arts of Torrelavega, on
his part and Lorenzo Sierra on his, discovered the
paintings inside. In the decade of the 80s, a team from
the Area of Prehistory of the Historic Science Department
of the University of Cantabria leaded by Dr. Manuel
R.González Morales, Dr. César González Sainz and
Dr.Alfonso Moure Romanillo, made a new study of the
cavity. Covalanas is located in
the South-Western hillside of the Pando mountain, very
close to the village of Ramales de la Victoria. The
entrance does not have large dimensions and its access is
very easy. From here two galleries continue, though only
one of them presents palaeolithic decoration. In a deep
zone of the gallery, and in a space inferior to 12 meters
length, the largest group of representationsin the cave
is located, it has 22 figures, of which 18 are hinds , characteristic animal in the Cantabrian
decorated caves, one horse , one reindeer (escarcely represented animal in the region of
Cantabria), one aurochs and one animal difficult to
identify. There are some signs, also. There are some
black traces scattered all over the cave and some
indecipherable remainings of red paintings can be seen in
the terminal area All the representations, except the
black marks mentioned, were made with red paint, some of
the figures including engraved traces. The employed
technique for the figures representation is the inkpad,
which consists of the contruction of lines by
yuxtaposition of dots. This type of technique appears in
few ocasions and always in red colour in Arenaza cave
(Galdames, Vizcaya), La Haza cave
(Ramales), La
Pasiga cave
(Puente Viesgo) and Pondra (Ramales). Given the limited use of this
technique, some authors have thought of a possible "Escuela
de Ramales" (School of Ramales), stablishing
chronologially this kind of paintings between 20.000 and
14.400 years.
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